The Iranian Nuclear Deal has suffered another predictable extension. Such a deferral inevitably leads to a questioning of the policies of the various signatory parties and also brings out the differences in perceptions, as well as their inability to resolve these differences satisfactorily. So far, the progress has been reasonable, if not remarkable. However; the fact remains that there are still multiple layers of challenges which require major adjustments by both the parties. These challenges, if not addressed early, will lower the threshold and impact the security architecture in Asia. This book thus tries to highlight those complexities and challenges and discusses the possible scenarios.